What is the purpose of implementing audit controls under the HIPAA Security Rule?

The primary purpose of implementing audit controls under the HIPAA Security Rule is to record activity in information systems that handle electronic Protected Health Information (ePHI). Audit controls are essential for tracking access and modifications to ePHI, allowing organizations to monitor who accessed the information, when it was accessed, and what actions were taken. This capability is crucial for detecting and investigating potential security incidents, ensuring accountability among workforce members, and maintaining the integrity of sensitive health information.

While improving patient care may be a broader goal of healthcare organizations, it is not the specific focus of audit controls. Limiting access to authorized personnel relates more to access controls, and ensuring communications are encrypted pertains to data transmission security rather than audit controls. Hence, the correct answer centers on the ability to monitor, log, and review activities associated with ePHI, thus supporting compliance with HIPAA regulations and enhancing security efforts.